Safety knowledge of underground operations
There are two main non-coal mine mining method, one is underground mining, one is open-pit mining. For deep buried deposits, underground mining is generally used. Underground mining has its special operational characteristics, mainly: poor working environment, small space; varied geological conditions, often threatened by disasters such as roof, mine dust, water, fire, etc.; complex production process and high labor intensity. Therefore, the underground workers must master certain safety knowledge of underground operations to ensure safety.
First, preparation before going down the well
(1) In front of the wells, the personnel of the wells must have enough rest and rest, and it is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol in front of the wells.
(2) Wear safety helmets, overalls and rubber shoes in front of the wells, so that they are neat and tidy; it is best to wear a towel on the neck, which can wipe the sweat and prevent the slag from falling into the clothes. It may also be used.
(3) Personnel personnel must carry lighting lamps such as miner's lamps with them.
(4) Sharp tools that are carried with you, such as tile cutters, axes, saws, etc., must be sheathed or loaded with tool bags to prevent injury.
(5) It is necessary to abide by the registration system for entry and registration, and the registration can be followed by a well.
(6) Everyone in the well must consciously attend the pre-class meeting to clarify the production tasks and safety precautions on duty to prevent accidents.
(7) Accepting pre-job training and obtaining a safety qualification certificate. Everyone working underground must be familiar with the disaster avoidance routes of various disaster situations at their workplace.
(8) Understand the safety conditions of the route passing through the well and the safety conditions of the working environment and the safe escape routes and methods in emergency situations.
Second, ride cages and people
The cage is a special equipment for transporting people to the upper and lower wells and lifting ore, materials and equipment. It is the key equipment to ensure the normal production of mines and the safe entry and exit of personnel. Underground personnel must comply with the following regulations:
(1) When the crew of the upper and lower wells ride on the cages, they must abide by the relevant regulations or put the instructions of the tankers up and down in order, and must not be crowded or beaten. At any time, without the permission of the wellhead management or the tanker, it is not allowed to enter or exit the cage, especially after the lifting signal is issued, or the cage has not stopped, do not compete for the upper and lower. Each tank must not be overrun.
(2) After entering the cage, the tank door or can curtain must be closed. The person should stand firmly, the legs should be slightly bent, and the hand should hold the handrail. Do not put your head and hands, feet or tools to the outside of the cage. Do not play in the cage, or throw anything into the wellbore, otherwise it will cause an accident.
(3) It is strictly forbidden to take a layer of cages with people and materials or mine cars. In cages containing blasting materials, other personnel shall not be accompanied by blasters or escorts.
(4) It is forbidden to take non-passenger vehicles in the underground, and it is strictly forbidden to take up and down the well by using non-carrying tools such as buckets and mine cars.
(5) When riding a car, you must follow the instructions of the passengers and take the bus and don't get crowded. You must close the door or hang the protective chain before driving. The human body and the tools and parts it carries are strictly prohibited from being exposed outside the vehicle, and it is not allowed to touch the overhead line to prevent electric shock.
(6) When the train is running and has not stopped, it is strictly forbidden to get on or off or stand in the car.
(7) It is strictly forbidden to ride on the locomotive head or between any two compartments. It is strictly forbidden to ride over, and it is strictly forbidden to drive, jump and take the mine.
(8) When the vehicle is found to be in the lane, the parking signal must be sent to the driver immediately.
(9) The appearance of the probe is strictly forbidden when riding a man's car in a long distance flat or roadway. Once the car is down, it is not allowed to jump out of the car.
Third, walking underground
Underground tunnels are small in space, with many vehicles coming and going, and some are equipped with conveyors, so be sure to pay attention to safety when walking.
(1) Adhere to the sidewalks of pedestrian roadways and transport lanes.
(2) When walking on the roadway where the sidewalk is not wide enough, you should always pay attention to avoiding the position of the squatting; when the vehicle is approaching, you must enter the evasive squatting in time, and wait for the vehicle to come out later.
(3) It is forbidden to hide in the middle of the non-sidewalk side and the double track of the double-track roadway.
(4) Do not walk in the middle of the track, nor traverse the track at will, so as to avoid accidents. If you must cross it, you must cross it when there is no vehicle passing. Especially when crossing the wire rope, be careful to prevent tripping or being injured by the wire rope. When the wire rope is running, it is strictly prohibited to cross the wire rope.
(5) When walking in inclined shafts, it is necessary to insist that “Pedestrians do not drive, driving is not pedestriansâ€, and they must walk on the sidewalks and must not ride on the ropes.
(6) It is forbidden to enter the non-ventilated roadway; all the places that have been fenced and have the “No Insider†warning sign are not allowed to enter. These places may accumulate harmful gases such as gas, and entry is very dangerous.
(7) After passing the construction site, you must first say hello, and you can pass it after you agree. When passing the damper, close the door with your hand to prevent short circuit.
(H) carry long tools (such as drill pipe, iron shovel, etc.) to bring it in his hand, not his shoulder, to avoid bruising or run into danger overhead lines.
(9) No matter whether you are walking in any roadway, don't make a loud laugh, make trouble, pay attention to the vehicles and various sound and light signals at any time, listen to the signal command, and do not allow unauthorized signals.
(10) Once you are lost in the underground, don't be nervous; you can find the exit according to the feng shui pipeline or the direction of the wind.
 Fourth, work safety knowledge
(1) It is necessary to protect various safety production facilities, installations, safety signs and measurement marks. It is strictly forbidden to use equipment that is not used by itself, and undocumented persons are not allowed to engage in special operations.
(2) It is not allowed to place a single person in the underground to place guns and operations, and it is even more difficult to enter a remote area and a dangerous area.
(3) The personnel entering the well should master the blasting time, location, and warning range, and must evacuate the dangerous area before blasting.
(4) Obey the safety technical operation rules and various post safety management regulations, obey the supervision and guidance, do not violate the regulations, do not risk the operation, and the accident should be reported immediately.
(5) In the event of a sudden power outage, stop working immediately and retreat to a safe place.
(6) Before the work, you should first ask for help, and you should check the support situation at any time during work. If you find that the top, help loose or fall off, you should immediately avoid or stand in a safe place for cleaning. When there is a sign that the workplace is seriously endangering personal safety, it must be quickly evacuated from the danger zone, reported and handled in a timely manner, and a warning or signal sign is set.
(7) Strict labor discipline, not allowed to make fires in the underground, loud, screaming, sleeping, and squatting. Do not smoke in the well.
(8) When rest is required in the underground, the safe place where the roof is complete, the bracket is intact, does not interfere with work, does not hinder driving, and is well ventilated should be selected. Do not rest in front of a closed wall or in a blind alley. These locations are poorly ventilated and tend to accumulate harmful gases.
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