China's agricultural mechanization regional development is unbalanced hilly mountainous areas into scientific research focus

[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News] The development of agricultural machinery has been in China for decades. However, the focus of China's agricultural machinery development is mainly suitable for the operation of the main grain producing areas in Northeast China, Hebei, Shandong, etc. These areas are flat and agricultural machinery. Big and heavy. However, China's terrain is diverse, not only plains, but also mountainous hills. This difference in terrain poses a major challenge to the development of agricultural mechanization.

In order to balance the gap between the plains and the mountains, and promote the mechanization of agriculture to a new level, the mechanized innovation and development in the hilly mountains is imminent. For example, Chongqing, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other regions have been promoting innovative agricultural farming.

China's agricultural mechanization regional development is unbalanced hilly mountainous areas into scientific research focus

Chongqing: Hilly planting can also be mechanized

Driving the tractor, the farmer walked back and forth a few times, and the cultivation, trenching, sowing and fertilization of nearly 5 acres of cornfields ended. Recently, in the field meeting of the whole mechanized machine-casting field in the hilly area of ​​the city, held in the village of Luzhu Town, Tongliang District, Chongqing City, a mini-agricultural machine suitable for operation in the hilly area was used to show the operation mode.

In Chongqing, corn is the main food crop, accounting for 20.9% of the total area planted in Chongqing. However, due to the backwardness of the corn cultivation technology and the low degree of mechanization caused by topographic factors, the farmers are not motivated to grow corn, and the planting scale is small, which does not match the huge market demand of the city. Therefore, how to realize mechanization of corn planting in hilly and mountainous areas, reduce costs and improve efficiency has become the key to expanding the scale and increasing production of the local corn industry.

Therefore, the Institute of Maize of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences organized a team of experts to conduct scientific research on the whole process of mechanization of corn cultivation, sowing, fertilization, pest control, harvesting, etc., and achieved substantial breakthroughs. At the demonstration site of the day, 9 kinds of micro-agricultural machinery, such as rotary tiller, cultivator, micro-powered planter and semi-automatic planter independently developed by Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, completed 5 acres of cornfield within 1 hour. The operations of ploughing, ditching, sowing and fertilizing have won the approval of everyone.

Shanxi: Promoting a new mode of mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas

In order to accelerate the development of agricultural mechanization in hilly and mountainous areas, the Shanxi Provincial Agricultural Machinery Bureau integrated 3.15 million yuan of various project funds to carry out pilot work on agricultural mechanization in 12 hilly mountainous counties. The project funds are mainly used to subsidize farmers to purchase advanced and applicable agricultural machinery and equipment, carry out machine testing, technical training and demonstration and promotion, and explore suitable agricultural mechanization development mode in hilly and mountainous areas of Shanxi.

In addition, Zhang Yufeng, the director of the Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Station of Shanxi Province, organized in-depth investigations into the “Innovation and Promotion Model – Helping the Development of Agricultural Mechanization in Hilly and Mountainous Areas” in Pixian County and Jingle County. During the investigation, Director Zhang Yufeng stressed that it is necessary to focus on the weak links of the promotion work, give full play to the public welfare role of state-owned enterprises, and explore the establishment of a new model of agricultural machinery promotion that the agricultural machinery management departments, cooperatives (fields), state-owned enterprises and scientific research institutes participate in, and accelerate the promotion. The main crops in the hilly and mountainous areas are mechanized, forming a new situation in the development of agricultural machinery in Shanxi Province.

Yangxian, Shaanxi: Rice planting in the hilly mountains

Rice cultivation has required a lot of manpower support since ancient times. Of course, with the advancement of mechanization in recent years, rice seedling planting has become more and more labor-saving. Nowadays, not only large-scale rice has machinery, but mountain hills also welcome agricultural machinery suitable for them. Yangxian Agricultural Machinery Promotion and Supervision Center held a demonstration meeting of rice machinery seeding and breeding technology in hilly mountainous areas in Zhihua Family Farm, Longxi Village, Bali Town, Yangxian County, to promote the mechanical operation technology of hilly mountain areas.

The rice planting area in the hilly and mountainous areas of Yangxian County is more than 60,000 mu, but artificial planting is often labor intensive and low in work efficiency. In order to solve the production problem of rice, the Yangxian Agricultural Machinery Promotion and Supervision Center started from the mechanical breeding process, and guided the agricultural machinery professional cooperatives to introduce three domestically advanced rice tray seedling planters for rice machinery sowing. The demonstration of breeding technology can complete the process of paving soil, sprinkling, sowing and covering soil in one time. It has the advantages of strong adaptability, uniform seeding, less leakage, less time and labor, and high work efficiency. It is suitable for mechanized planting of rice in mountainous areas.

With the rapid development of the agricultural machinery industry, the gap between the comprehensive mechanization level of cultivation and harvest in the hilly mountainous areas and the plain area has widened, and the problem of regional development imbalance has become increasingly prominent, which has seriously hindered the overall progress of China's agricultural mechanization development.

Small and scattered small machinery in the hilly area will enter the development period

In fact, during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the Ministry of Agriculture listed the hilly areas of the south as a key development area for agricultural mechanization. As a representative of tillage and land preparation machinery in the hilly area, the micro-cultivator is widely used as an important means to realize agricultural mechanization in hilly areas. In addition, the small-sized rice-wheat combine harvester is an ideal product for harvesting in hilly areas because of its small size, high efficiency, convenient transportation and good field passability. With the continuous increase of farmers' income and the support of the national agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, these agricultural machinery products applicable to hilly and mountainous areas will have great development potential.

In China, although mountainous hills occupy a large proportion, the agricultural machinery suitable for use in hilly and mountainous areas is still far from enough. Most of the agricultural machinery on the market is only suitable for large-scale flat areas. Many mountain farmers call for “buy no To". Therefore, we must increase investment in science and technology, take the hilly mountainous areas as the research focus, and do a good job in transforming scientific and technological achievements so that more agricultural machinery suitable for hilly mountains will appear on the market in the future.