Application of Internet of Things Technology in Maintenance and Management of Fire Service Water Supply Facilities

This article explores the fire water supply facilities mainly refers to the fire pump (spray pump, fire hydrant, regulator pump) water and high fire water tank and fire water tank replenishment. At this stage, the fire water supply facilities are generally good, the construction unit can be installed and constructed in accordance with national standards, the use of units or management units to strengthen the maintenance of fire facilities, fire facilities to maintain a good state of operation in the initial fire fighting Played an important role. However, some units of fire protection facilities, in particular, the lack of strict and scientific management of fire water supply facilities maintenance and management, usually high water tank automatic fill pump and fire water inlet valve is closed, can not automatically fill the water and maintain full water, fire fire pump Can not normally open the pump, resulting in the spread of fire spread, causing serious consequences. The key issue here is that some units of fire management methods are simple and backward in technology. They still follow the old-fashioned approach. They rely on manual inspection of each part and the operation of each equipment. There are many uncertainties and the results are poor. Many problems need to constantly improve and perfect, and actively make use of Internet of Things technology to change the unstable and unreliable situation of fire service water supply facilities.

1 fire water supply facilities exist the main problem

Fire water supply facilities are the key equipment of the unit fire fighting facilities and play an important role in the fire fighting and rescue of water supply. However, some unit leaders did not pay enough attention to this. They did not have professional and technical personnel, did not entrust qualified firefighting and security company management, and did not adopt advanced management techniques. As a result, fire fighting and water supply equipment brought "sick" operation and caused abnormalities, mainly The questions are as follows:

1.1 fire water tank (pool) water level can not guarantee sufficient

In accordance with the provisions of the roof of the building should be generally not less than 18m3 high fire water tank, and to ensure its full water level, in the early fire to ensure that 10 minutes of fire water; in the ground or basement, according to the building's water consumption, generally with Not less than 300m3 fire pool to ensure that the sprinkler and indoor fire hydrant fire water an hour, when the water tank (pool) when the water level is insufficient, the system should be able to automatically start up water. However, some units lack management and the float valve of the water tank (tank) is broken and it is not timely repaired or replaced. In order to prevent water spill and power saving, the water supply pump and the water inlet valve are often closed, resulting in that some units of water tank Adequate, water shortly after the fire off the water.

1.2 fire pump can not guarantee normal start

When a fire occurs, the closed sprinkler reaches a certain ambient temperature burst and spray water, water flow in the pipe network to form a pressure differential, the valve flap in the alarm valve will open automatically, the pressure water flows to the main pipe and the delay, the impulse hydraulic warning Bell alarm signal and touch the pressure switch, touch the signal to start the spray pump; fire hydrant in the fire box or start fire control room will automatically open the pump. However, some units of fire management is not in place, not in accordance with the provisions for two fire power supply, can not be automatically switched at the end, and some spray pump and fire hydrant pump control cabinet switch on the manual or stop position, the fire does not automatically start, delay Fire the best time.

1.3 water supply pipe network can not guarantee a pressurized water

The highest level of the building is close to the roof fire-fighting water tank. Naturally, the natural pressure of the water in the water tank is obviously insufficient. The most unfavorable floor must be regulated by the pressure regulating pump so as to ensure the pressure water supply Extinguishing. However, some units ignore the use of regulated pumps, some are not in an automatic control cabinet, and some do not properly regulate the use of pressure. Some booster pumps, sun and rain, and equipment are rusty , The lack of maintenance, a considerable part of the unit pump does not work, the most unfavorable floor water supply pipe network inadequate pressure.

1.4 water facilities management can not guarantee safe and effective

Fire water supply facilities are mainly distributed in the basement of the fire pump room and the high fire tank at the need regular maintenance and periodic testing, but some firefighting management personnel low quality, do not meet the modern fire management requirements, rely on inspection personnel inspection, frequency Difficult to guarantee, found that the problem of large discount, in the inspection, some staff just "point" move the pump is over, the pressure has not risen, the valve is not fully open, dynamic network pressure is not qualified without testing, and some just go Take a look at signing words, and more do not look at it, one day a month's records are signed, the superior is difficult to understand the real situation of the system. At this stage of the fire management tools, fire agencies (intermediaries) is also difficult to real-time supervision of the unit's water supply facilities, there is no good means to fully grasp the operational status of fire facilities in various units.

2 things networking technology in the fire water supply facilities maintenance management application

In accordance with the requirements of modern fire control, state information and related data of fire-fighting facilities should be collected, integrated and applied to the maintenance and management of fire-fighting water supply facilities using the Internet of Things technology, which can effectively solve the problems of "static" and "unreliable" fire-fighting facilities The prominent problem.

2.1 Internet of things concept, principle and function

Internet of things is through a variety of sensors and electronic tags, the information of the electronic information formatting, and then through WIFI, ZIGBEE, infrared, Bluetooth and other means of information to achieve multi-interface information exchange and communication, and then through the Internet and its corresponding Office "cloud" server to achieve the concentration and processing of information to meet people on the identification, positioning, intelligent analysis of a network structure.

The application of IOT technology in fire water supply facilities solves the problem of complete collection and integration of the comprehensive "static" key parameters of fire service water supply facilities. In the meantime, due to the real-time continuous monitoring of IoT technologies, the background sets up a powerful data center for fire prevention and water supply The facilities form a system of "dynamic" real-time analysis, which solves a series of problems such as "discreteness", visual fatigue and unbalanced technical level of man-made inspection, as well as upgrading the fire service water supply system from person to computer to intelligent management. Management level and efficiency, for the development of smart city provides an open fire water supply facilities interface.

2.2 Internet of things in the fire water supply facilities

Internet of things is the material information formatted into electronic information, if the fire in the field of introduction of this technology, which is a new research topic, the use of Internet of Things technology principles, fire water supply facilities for the emergence of problems, you can design fire water supply automatic monitoring and management system.

2.2.1 working principle

As shown in Figure 1, the system consists of pressure transmitter, level transmitter, remote terminal unit (RTU), data transfer unit (DTU), power supply system and so on. Water supply system, the key points of pressure monitoring, the need to place a lower end of the pressure gauge to install the pressure transmitter mounted vertically on the pipe network, vertical is to prevent condensation of water droplets into the transmitter's internal circuitry, Adversely affect the circuit, prepare a ball valve in front of the pressure transmitter to facilitate testing and maintenance. Transmitter 0-16MP hydraulic signal into a 0-24MA current signal, so that the remote terminal device (RTU) to the pressure transmitter while also receiving a hydraulic signal, and then through the data transmission unit ( DTU) to the cloud server on the Internet, by the cloud server to enhance various applications to share through the Internet to each smart terminal. Cloud server can mass storage of data can also analyze the entire data, intelligent terminals, we can also configure the logic of personalized data operations, distributed computing and data sharing.

2.2.2 Function Introduction

(1) Remote terminal unit (RTU) can access 14 groups of analog, such as: water pressure, water level, voltage, current, temperature, humidity and so on.

(2) Remote terminal unit (RTU) can access 24 groups of switches, such as: fire control cabinet dual power, manual and automatic, start and stop, open and close the signal valve.

(3) The data transmission unit (DTU) can set the heartbeat frequency within 5-65535 seconds, adjust the interval data flow control fee, a 403 ㄖ? Bass busy South Yankee ⑸ daughter-in-law play? 5M upload volume.

(4) internal custom protocol to make the message more efficient, reducing the transmission bandwidth occupancy, but also reduces the cloud storage space.

2.2.3 application diagram

The heart of the fire service is the fire pump house, where there are pools, pumps, fire pump control cabinets, alarm valves, installed in the pump room by a remote terminal unit (RTU), star collection on the pump room Collection of fire information summary, the star in the fire, also known as multi-line, so the acquisition path is more reliable, because the signal in the same space relative concentration of the wiring there is no difficulty and high reliability of information, so the use of this approach, In the high water tank, the most unfavorable point of pressure distribution more scattered information collection, we use RS485 bus or power line carrier system, as shown in Figure 2.

Software platform also integrates powerful management functions, in addition to online access to fire water supply facilities operating parameters, but also through two-dimensional code bundled staff management practices, while upgrading the management of the same time to upgrade management, the original only to fill in The form of behavior into a computer system to help complete the system automatically generates inspection schedule, the inspection problems can be graphically real-time upload more intuitive and image, handwriting inspection identity confirmation, so that management can be more seamless drilling, such as : Found sometime a moment found somewhere in the water leakage, the system automatically reported the discovery time, inspection personnel using handhelds to report inspection information can be photographed with the scene along with the upload, the final inspection handwritten signature confirmation.

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Specifications:

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