Mines mainly develop the choice of roadway type

Metal mines in the country, or the upper vein deposits buried deposits above the ground level, to develop multi adit. When the ground is a hilly area or the terrain is relatively flat, the deposits buried below the ground are often selected for development.

In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to the low degree of mechanization and technical level, the technical equipment and construction technical requirements for tunneling inclined wells were lower than those of vertical shafts. Therefore, some small and medium-sized mines used inclined wells to develop. With the mechanization degree and the level of construction technology, and the shaft has better lifting capacity than the inclined shaft and good safety, the new mines often use shaft development. However, with the emergence of long METIC rope belt conveyor, some domestic coal mine inclined shaft, which is incorporated in the transport of coal, successful experience. After the metal mine was crushed underground, it also began to transport the ore in a diagonal well using a copper wire rope conveyor. Some large and medium-sized mines in foreign countries have installed high-strength long-distance wire rope belt conveyors in inclined shafts or ramps to transport ore through the ground exit to select plants, from intermittent transportation to continuous transportation, and the production capacity has been significantly improved. Some small and medium-sized Laoshans in foreign countries have installed new types of buckets in inclined wells. The fractional section upgrades the ore from various stages, and the equipment is simple, flexible and efficient. It can be seen that the use of inclined wells has a certain development prospect.

At present, mines at home and abroad use a single ramp as the main roadway, and there are very few mines. Most of them use slopes as auxiliary roads to develop roadways and cooperate with other major roadways for development.

Sand Casting, also known as sand molded casting, is a metal casting process characterized by using sand as Sand casting, The term "sand casting" can also refer to an object produced via the sand casting process. Sand castings are produced in specialized factories called foundries. Over 70% of all metal castings are produced via a sand casting process.

Sand casting is relatively cheap and sufficiently refractory even for steel foundry use. In addition to the sand, a suitable bonding agent (usually clay) is mixed or occurs with the sand. The mixture is moistened, typically with water, but sometimes with other substances, to develop strength and plasticity of the clay and to make the aggregate suitable for molding. The sand is typically contained in a system of frames or mold boxes known as a flask. The mold cavities and gate system are created by compacting the sand around models, or patterns, or carved directly into the sand.

Basic process

 There are six steps in this process:

 1.Place a pattern in sand to create a mold.

 2.Incorporate the pattern and sand in a gating system.

 3.Remove the pattern.

 4.Fill the mold cavity with molten metal.

 5.Allow the metal to cool.

 6.Break away the sand mold and remove the casting.

Sand Casting

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