Mainly choose the position selection of the vertical ore body direction of the roadway
1. Moving belt and caving belt
Moving belt: The range of deformation and displacement of the surface.
Collapse zone: The extent of cracks on the surface.
Hazardous zone: The range of the collapse zone plus the moving belt or the range controlled by the moving line.
Reasons for the formation of moving belts and caving belts: With the mining of underground ore, a certain number of goafs are formed underground, and the rock formations around the goaf are caused by the surrounding rock stress due to the loss of the rock formation around the goaf. Gradual deformation, fragmentation, movement and caving, and movement and caving develop to the surface, and the surface appears to sink, fall and move.
2, moving angle and caving angle
Moving line: On the cross section of the vertical ore body, from the boundary of the surface moving belt to the boundary line of the mining depth goaf (or within the mining depth, the most prominent point of the ore body contour).
Movement angle: The angle between the moving line and the horizontal plane. The moving angle has an upper disc moving angle, a lower disc moving angle, and an end moving angle with respect to the position of the ore body.
Collapse line: the line connecting the boundary line of the surface caving zone to the boundary line of the mining depth goaf (or the most prominent point of the ore body contour within the mining depth range).
Caving angle: the angle between the collapse line and the horizontal plane. The caving angle has an upper disc caving angle, a lower disc caving angle, and an end caving angle with respect to the ore body.
(a) - vertical strike profile α > γ and γ '; (b) - vertical strike profile α > γ and γ '; (c) - along the strike profile;
Α-mine body inclination angle; γ-lower disk movement angle; γ'-lower plate collapse angle; β-upper disk movement angle; β'-upper plate collapse angle; δ-trend end movement angle; δ'-trend end Caving angle; δ0—surface soil movement angle; L—hazard zone
Factors affecting the moving angle and the falling angle: the relative position of the rock formation and the empty area around the goaf; the rock structure; the water content of the topsoil and the flowing sand layer; the thickness of the ore body, the dip angle, and the mining method.
For production mines, rock movement observation points can be established to collect rock movement data. For new mines, reference can be made to the Mining Design Manual or other rock movement angles of mines with similar geological and mining technical conditions as the design movement angle and moving belt of the mine. And the basis of the caving zone.
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