China's development of high-end manufacturing industry towards a first-rate economic power

The "Made in China 2025" plan coincides with the time. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced on Tuesday that the "Made in China 2025" strategic plan will be released as soon as possible. According to the relevant contents disclosed in the industry, the plan will focus on five major projects of smart manufacturing, industrial foundation, green manufacturing, high-end equipment innovation, and national manufacturing innovation center construction, combined with the "Internet +" information application to promote manufacturing. The industry is developing healthily.

From the perspective of global economic competition and industrial change, China’s upcoming "China Manufacturing 2025" strategic plan is not only a response to Germany's "Industry 4.0" development plan, but also based on China's early realization of the "two hundred years" goal. Combining China's industrial development base and technology accumulation in the manufacturing industry, it is trying to build a major development strategy for China's high economic frontier. Obviously, the promulgation and effective implementation of the plan not only has the national significance in terms of technology, but also is the most important basis for China's upgrading from a large trading and manufacturing country to a powerful industrial and capital country.

As far as the status quo of China's overall economic development is concerned, the "China Made 2025" plan and the forthcoming introduction are just right. On the one hand, after fully accepting the dividends of global industrial transfer, China's manufacturing industry is still one of the most important manufacturing systems in the world today. However, the industrial competition facing it is extremely fierce, and there has been a considerable degree of “industrial hollowness”. Phenomenon. Since 2008, with the rising labor costs and the slowdown in global economic growth, the manufacturing clusters in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions of the Chinese manufacturing industry have long been relying on highly specialized and competitive products. In the middle and low-speed development period, some enterprises have begun to move out. However, the pressure from the manufacturing industry in Southeast Asia and South Asia has been continuously increasing in recent years. Correspondingly, industrialized countries represented by the United States, Japan, Germany, etc., while strengthening their global industrial competition system, are also promoting the upgrading of local industries, and many companies are returning to the local factories. If this trend continues, China’s original local-owned enterprise-specific investment will suffer sunk losses. Under the constraint of lack of independent innovation technology, China’s manufacturing industry is not only difficult to achieve overall upgrading, but also faces increasingly serious internal and external pressures. . Therefore, the increasingly severe international competition has forced China's manufacturing industry to come up with a development plan that can lead the next decade or even longer, in order to consolidate the overall competitive advantages of the Chinese manufacturing industry. Otherwise, it is not only difficult for China to adapt to the global manufacturing industry. Industrial change is more likely to lose the comparative advantage and lose the time window of forging competitive advantage.

On the other hand, after the last decade of technological breakthroughs and industrialization, China has initially formed a national competitive advantage in the high-end manufacturing sector. The high-end equipment manufacturing industry represented by high-speed railways, nuclear power, etc., after the relatively mature industrialization operation in the country, and in line with the country’s strategy of going global, has become a Chinese card in the true sense of cohesion of high-tech, industrialization support and operation management. . In particular, along with the fruitful results of the “One Belt and One Road” strategy in Asia and Europe and Africa, Chinese companies such as CSR, CNR, China Construction, China Railway Construction and Zhenhua Heavy Industry are becoming the vanguard of China’s global manufacturing competition system. . China can not only meet the technological needs and supporting services of the emerging markets and developing countries in the field of infrastructure construction and important equipment manufacturing, but also has the comprehensive competitiveness of exporting high-speed rail and other Chinese manufacturing representatives to developed countries. This should be the most important change in the global manufacturing competition system since Watts invented the steam engine. If China can achieve strategic breakthroughs in large aircraft manufacturing and industrialization operations in the next five to ten years, China will form a relatively complete global competition system in the high-end manufacturing sector.

Therefore, if China is to advance to a first-rate economic power, it needs to increase its position in the international division of labor by embedding a global production network. It also needs to vigorously develop high-end manufacturing industries with global resource allocation capabilities.

It is necessary to accelerate the structural adjustment and upgrade of the manufacturing industry. During the upcoming “13th Five-Year Plan” period, China must accelerate the orderly withdrawal of excess production capacity, accelerate the structural adjustment of the manufacturing industry, and promote the “Internet + manufacturing” and “Internet + “Small and medium-sized enterprises” will upgrade the manufacturing industry that has room for growth. On the other hand, it will continue to increase its investment in high-speed rail, aerospace, shipbuilding, marine engineering, new energy, and new materials, and strive to cultivate a number of An index company that can lead the industrial revolution. Of course, from the perspective of China’s existing technological infrastructure and resources, despite the good momentum of development, two important shortcomings have not yet been resolved: First, companies prefer a simple expansion of market share, and the enthusiasm for technology investment remains low; The second is the slow progress in the industrialization of technology, and the rate of conversion of patent achievements has been low. There is also an important constraint bottleneck: Due to China's relatively inflexible cultural inertia, despite the fact that the government, society, and more and more companies have constantly emphasized innovation in recent years, it is necessary to form the innovation ecology needed to generate such a super-innovation company as Apple: Open mindsets, willingness to take risks, diligence, intrigue, and daring to challenge authority are not all formed overnight.

In this sense, while accelerating the promotion of the global resource allocation capabilities of super-sized state-owned enterprises represented by the central SOEs through the "Belt and Road Initiative" strategy, China must also expand the Chinese private-sector corporate frontier represented by Huawei. Efforts will be made to enhance its professional service capabilities in R&D, design, system integration, etc., and strengthen its financial services, technology supply, and operations management functions, especially its ability to manage global supply chains. More attention should be paid to nurturing a group of high-end industrial talents who have an international perspective, global operations awareness, and skillful management of global management tools.

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