What is Unikernel?
With the containerization model led by Docker continues to heat up, it is now necessary to pay attention to the field of Unikernel continued rapid development.
Unikernel is a streamlined, proprietary library operating system (LibraryOS) that can be compiled in a high-level language and run directly on the commercial cloud hypervisor.
They have many advantages over container technology, not just ultra-fast startup times and smaller attack surfaces. There are still many technologies are still in the research stage, such as Drawbridge, MirageOS and HaLVM developed by Microsoft, and serverless architecture technology can be seamlessly combined. Currently, Docker has compiled Unikernel.
Current container technology
Docker, has proven to be an effective application management technology. It facilitates the deployment of applications in different environments, resolving the "work here, but not in other environments" such problems, similar to the gradle wrapper.
We've seen the craze with Docker, and the ecosystem around Docker in particular, which has moved Docker's applications beyond the development / test environment into production. It gradually evolved from a tool into a complex technology platform.
The reason why the development team loves Docker is because docker's image format makes it easier to achieve the equivalence between development and production environments.
Compared with the virtual machine, the container has the advantages of light weight, fast startup, good isolation, and it also improves the security of sharing the cloud infrastructure between different applications to a certain extent. In addition container technology provides specialized security and compatibility optimizations for running multiple applications within the same operating system.
Container technology is really a problem at all not?
Most applications running in the cloud are not optimized for operation in the cloud. Usually a container size is usually MB or even GB level, it is clear that the real application accounted for only a very small part of it. The container itself assumes that it needs to be attached to the underlying operating system, too bulky, including security holes and bloated software, even though it has been simplified in practice.
Separating large servers into smaller virtual machines has allowed many new companies to start up and scale. This is good for new services, but many of those virtual machines are single-purpose, but with essentially the entire operating system, all services and subsystems, whether useful or not, are duplicated during operating system replication The operating system itself runs the application like a web server. This means that a large part of the resources taken up are not used or necessary, which not only leads to high costs but also security risks (a bigger attack surface).
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